- Migrate (invading a new area and mixing with formerly non-overlapping species. This can lead to knock-on effects throughout the ecosystem and can cause extinctions)
- Adapt their behaviour
Changes in species distribution- Spatial
- Killer whales with tall dorsal fin are moving into previosuly ice-bound Artic waters and siplacing bowhead whales
- Adelie penguin rookeries being replaced by Gentoo penguins on the Antartic peninsulars
- 60 species of butterfly have moved north in Europe, e.g. Polygonia comma butterfly is spreading north in UK at a rate of 10km a year
- Concern that pests of species are linked with diseases could spread more widely, e.g. Anopheles mosquito which carries Malaria
Changes in species physiology and behaviour- Tempral
- Shifts in Phenology (timing of biological activities that take place seasonally)- migrant birds, butterflies and plants are arriving earlier.
Changes in physiology and behaviour- Tempral
- Polar bears find it difficult to hunt seals during the summer ice-free periods. As the Artic warms the Polar bears have become underweight as they have a shorter amount of time toi hunt for food.
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